Technical description of solution usn2007b 2007 July 1. Purpose of solution: TRF/CRF for session EOP 2. Analysis center: USN ( United States Naval Observatory ) 3. Short narrative description of solution: Solution usn2007b estimates station position and velocity parameters to define the TRF/CRF for computing EOP time series. Source positions are also estimated. The TRF is attached to ITRF2000 by imposing no-net-rotation and no-net-translation conditions for the positions of a subset of stations and, similarly, no-net-rotation and no-net-translation conditions for the velocities of a subset of stations. The CRF is attached to the ICRF by a no-net-rotation condition using the 212 ICRF defining sources [1]. Parameters are split into three groups: a) global - parameters estimated over all sessions; b) local - parameters estimated for each 24-hour session; c) segmented - parameters estimated over 60 minute time spans. Positions and velocities of 128 stations were estimated as global parameters. Positions of 623 sources were estimated as global parameters. These 623 sources were considered eligible for estimation as global parameters based on the following criteria: 1) the source had 40 or more good observations; 2) the source was observed during two or more sessions; and 3) the source had N.R.D. less than 1.3 in preliminary solutions. Positions for an additional 290 sources were estimated for each session independently (treated as arc parameters). Finally, 144 sources (APPENDIX B) were excluded from the solution due to bad data or insufficient number of observations (less than 2). Mean site gradients were computed from a GSFC Data Assimilation Office (DAO) model for met data from 1990-95. Atmospheric gradient delay is modeled as tau = m_grad(el,az) * [GN*cos(az)+GE*sin(az)], where el and az are the elevation and azimuth of the the observation and the gradient mapping function is m_grad. The gradient vector has east and north components GE and GN. Refer to [2], [3]. 4. Estimated parameters: a. celestial frame: right ascension, declination (global and local) b. terrestrial frame: X, Y, Z, Xdot, Ydot, Zdot (global) c. Earth orientation: x, y, UT1-UTC, UT1dot, dpsi, deps (local) d. zenith troposphere: continuous piece-wise linear; 20 min interval; rate constraint generally 50 ps/hr; NMF wet partial derivative (segmented) e. troposphere gradient: 6 hour east and north piece-wise continuous at all stations except a set of 110 stations (APPENDIX C); offset constraint 0.5 mm, rate constraint 2.0 mm/day (segmented) f. station clocks: quadratic + continuous piece-wise linear with 60 min interval; rate constraint generally 5.0E-14 (segmented) g. baseline clocks: set in initial analysis - usually used (local) h. other: global antenna axis offsets for 61 stations (APPENDIX D) (global) 5. Celestial reference frame: a. a priori source positions: ICRF b. source positions adjusted in solution: yes If yes, c. definition of orientation: no-net-rotation tie to the ICRF using only ICRF defining sources d. source position estimation: 623 global and 290 local 6. Terrestrial reference frame: a. a priori station positions: ITRF2000 b. a priori station velocities: ITRF2000 c. reference epoch for site positions: 1997.0 d. station positions/velocities adjusted in solution: yes If yes, e. definition of origin, orientation, and their time evolution: no-net-translation and no-net-rotation of position with respect to ITRF2000 for 35 stations: ALGOPARK BR-VLBA DSS45 FD-VLBA FORTLEZA HARTRAO HATCREEK HAYSTACK \ HN-VLBA HOBART26 KASHIM34 KASHIMA KAUAI KOKEE KP-VLBA LA-VLBA \ MATERA MK-VLBA NL-VLBA NOTO NRAO20 NRAO85_3 NYALES20 ONSALA60 \ OV-VLBA OVRO_130 PIETOWN RICHMOND SANTIA12 SC-VLBA SESHAN25 TSUKUB32 \ VNDNBERG WESTFORD WETTZELL no-net-translation and no-net-rotation of velocity with respect to ITRF2000 for the same 35 stations: ALGOPARK BR-VLBA DSS45 FD-VLBA FORTLEZA HARTRAO HATCREEK HAYSTACK \ HN-VLBA HOBART26 KASHIM34 KASHIMA KAUAI KOKEE KP-VLBA LA-VLBA \ MATERA MK-VLBA NL-VLBA NOTO NRAO20 NRAO85_3 NYALES20 ONSALA60 \ OV-VLBA OVRO_130 PIETOWN RICHMOND SANTIA12 SC-VLBA SESHAN25 TSUKUB32 \ VNDNBERG WESTFORD WETTZELL f. station parameter estimation: X, Y, Z, Xdot, Ydot, Zdot globally for all stations, some with constraints g. stations with constraints: A priori velocity of U, E, and N components for the stations listed in APPENDIX E were constrained to the ITRF2000 velocities with reciprocal weights 0.1, 3.0, and 3.0 mm/yr respectively because the stations have too short history of observations, in many cases only one occupation. The velocities of the 23 sets of stations listed in APPENDIX F were constrained to be the same. h. stations with discontinuous positions and date of discontinuity: YAKATAGA 871201 ! Earthquake SOURDOGH 871201 ! Earthquake WHTHORSE 871201 ! Earthquake FORTORDS 891001 ! Earthquake PRESIDIO 891001 ! Earthquake MOJAVE12 920627 ! Earthquake DSS15 920627 ! Earthquake MEDICINA 960601 ! Rail repair EFLSBERG 961001 ! Rail repair DSS65 970415 ! Rail repair MIURA 000701 ! Seismic event TATEYAMA 000701 ! Seismic event GGAO7108 030101 ! Station relocation i. stations with nonlinear velocities: HRAS_085, GILCREEK, PIETOWN j. relativity scale: G_oo = -(1 - (2W/c^2 + W^2/c^4) + 2L_g ) G_oa = -4W^a/c^3 G_ab = \delta_ab (1 + 2W/c^2 - 2L_g) ) Specifically, the old formula 29 in IERS Conventions 1992, page 127-136. k. permanent tide correction: yes "Yes" means that both the permanent and the periodic tides have been included in the model, so that the output station position is for after the removal of both the permanent and the periodic tidal effect. The model used includes tide displacements for zero frequency with Love numbers h2(freq=0) = 0.6074, l2(freq=0) = 0.0852 7. Earth orientation: a. a priori precession/nutation model: IAU2000A nutation/precision model using the non-rotating origin b. a priori short-period tidal variations in x, y, UT1 were taken into account in accordance with the model presented in APPENDIX G. c. EOP estimation: X, Y, UT1, Xdot, Ydot, UT1dot, deps, dpsi each day with a priori error of 45 mas for pole and 3 ms for UT1, 45 mas/day and 3 ms/day for pole rate and UT1 rate; deps and dpsi are relative to IAU 1976 precession and IAU 1980 nutation models. Time tag of EOP series is the middle epoch of the observing session. The model of high frequency variations in polar motion and UT1 specified in the Appendix H was added to the apriori EOP during data reduction. The reported values of polar motion and UT1 are the sum of the adjustments and the apriori EOP without contribution due to the high frequency variations. Thus, the final series of polar motion and UT1 do not contain contributions due to the high frequency variations. 8. A priori geophysical models: a. troposphere: NMF dry mapping function; Saastamoinen zenith delay calculated using logged pressure, temperature; a priori mean gradients from DAO weather model. b. solid Earth tide: IERS Conventions 1996, p.56-65, step 1 and step 2, anelasticity variant, including tides of the 3-rd order. c. ocean loading: 3D ocean loading displacements computed by SPOTL software by Leonid Petrov. Marmonic model 2007b_oclo.hps d. atmosphere loading: 3D displacements computed by convolving global surface pressure field on 2.5x2.5 degrees grid with 6 hour temporal resolution using the NCEP Reanalysis model by Leonid Petrov. 9. Data type: group delays 10. Data editing: 5 degree elevation cutoff 11. Data weighting. Weights are defined as follows: 1/sqrt ( f**2 + a**2 ) where "f" is formal uncertainty of the ionosphere free linear combination of group delays at X- and S-band obtained by fringe fitting on the base of achieved signal to noise ratio. The station-dependent parameter "a" was computed for each session by an iterative procedure such that the ratio of the sum of squares of weighted residuals to the estimate of their mathematical expectation is about unity. 12. Standard errors reported: all errors derived from least-squares estimation propagated from the data weights and the constraints applied to the estimated parameters. 13. Software: Calc 10.0, SOLVE revision date 2006.04.26 14. Other information: Mean pole coordinates used for computation of pole tide deformation were set to 0.0, 0.0 References: 1. COORDINATES OF THE DEFINING SOURCES IN ICRF http://hpiers.obspm.fr/webiers/results/icrf/icrfdef.html 2. MacMillan, D.S. and C. Ma, Atmospheric gradients from very long baseline interferometry observations, Geophys. Res. Lett., 22, 1041-1044, 1995. 3. MacMillan, D.S. and C. Ma, Atmospheric gradients and the VLBI terrestrial and celestial reference frames, Geophys. Res. Lett., 24, 453-456, 1997. 4. Takashima, K., et al., "Status and Results of GSI Domestic VLBI Network", Bulletin of the Geographical survey Institute, Vol. 46, March 2000, p. 1-9. 5. Petrov, L. and J.-P. Boy, "Study of the atmospheric pressure loading signal in VLBI observations", J. Geophys. Res., 10.1029/2003JB002500, vol. 109, No. B03405, 2004. APPENDIX A. ----------- SOURCES NO EXCEPT \ * * 633 sources considered eligible for estimation as global parameters * based on the following criteria applied to crf2006c_00: * 1) 40 or more good observations * 2) observed in 2 or more experiments (no time restriction) * 3) have NRD less than 1.269 in crf2006c_01 * 4) not a radio star * * (modified to insure all 212 ICRF Defining sources are included; see below) * 2358+189 0002-478 0003+380 0003-066 IIIZW2 0007+171 0008-264 0010+405 \ 0013-005 0014+813 0017+200 0016+731 0019+058 0021+243 0026+346 0035+413 \ 0037+139 0039+230 NGC0262 0047-579 0048-097 0048-427 NGC0315 0056-001 \ 0059+581 0104-408 0106+013 0109+224 0110+495 0111+021 \ 0112-017 0113-118 0118-272 0119+115 0119+041 0123+257 0130-171 0131-522 \ 0133+476 0135-247 0138-097 0146+056 0148+274 0149+218 0150-334 \ 0151+474 0153+744 0159+723 0201+113 0202+149 0202-172 0202+319 0208-512 \ 0212+735 0215+015 0219+428 0220-349 UG01841 0221+067 4C67.05 0230-790 \ 0229+131 0235-618 0234+285 0235+164 0237-027 0237+040 \ NGC1052 0239+108 0241+622 0252-549 0256+075 0259+121 0300+470 \ 0302-623 0302+625 NGC1218 0306+102 0308-611 0309+411 3C84 0317+188 \ 0319+121 0322+222 0326+278 0332-403 0334-546 NRAO140 0335-364 CTA26 \ 0338-214 0341+158 0342+147 0355-669 NRAO150 0358+040 0358+210 0400-319 \ 0400+258 0402-362 0403-132 0405-385 0405-123 0405+305 0406-127 0406+121 \ 0409+229 0414-189 0420-014 0420+417 0422-380 0422+004 0423+051 \ 0423+233 0425+048 0426-380 0426+273 0430+289 0434-188 0437-454 \ 0438-436 NRAO190 0440+345 0446+112 0444+634 0454-810 0451-282 0454-463 \ 0454-234 0457+024 0458-020 0458+138 0459+060 0459+135 0500+019 0503-608 \ 0502+049 0506-612 0454+844 0506+101 0507+179 0508+138 0511-220 0516-621 \ 0515+208 3C138 0522-611 0521-365 0524-460 0524-485 0530-727 0528-250 \ 0528+134 0529+075 0534-611 0534-340 0537-441 0537-158 0536+145 0537-286 \ 0539-057 3C147 0544+273 0549-575 0547+234 0549+192 0552+398 0554+242 \ 0556+238 0600+177 0601+245 0602+405 0602+673 0605-085 0607-157 \ 0611+131 0609+607 0620+389 0615+820 0629-418 0629+160 0637-752 0637-337 \ 0636+680 3C166 0642+449 0646-306 0648-165 0650+371 0651+410 0656+082 \ 0657+172 0707+476 0711+356 0716+714 0722+145 0723-008 0718+793 \ 0725+219 0727-115 0733-174 0735+178 0738-674 0736+017 0738+313 0738+491 \ 0743-673 0742+103 0743-006 0743+259 0745+241 0748+126 0749+540 0754+100 \ 0759+183 0805+046 0805-077 0804+499 0805+410 0808+019 0812+367 0814+425 \ 0818-128 0820+560 0822+137 0821+621 0823+033 0826-373 0827+243 \ 0829+046 0828+493 0831+557 0834-201 0833+585 0834+250 0836+182 0836+710 \ 0839+187 0850+581 OJ287 0854+213 0859-140 0859+470 0906+015 0912+029 \ 0912+297 0917+449 0919-260 0917+624 0920-397 0920+390 4C39.25 0925-203 \ 0945+408 0949+354 0952+179 SN1993J M81 OK290 0955+476 0955+326 \ 0954+658 1004-500 1004+141 1011+250 1012+232 1012-448 1013+208 1014+615 \ 1016-311 1020+400 1022-665 1021-006 1022+194 1023+131 1030+415 1030+074 \ 1032-199 1034-293 1038+064 1038+52A 1038+52B 3C245 1039+811 \ 1042+071 1045-188 1044+719 1048-313 1049+215 1053+704 1053+815 1055+018 \ 1057-797 1101-325 1101-536 1101+384 1104-445 1105-680 1104+728 1111+149 \ 1116-462 1116+128 1123+264 1124-186 1125+596 1127-145 1128+385 1128-047 \ 1129-580 1130+009 MRK180 NGC3862 1143-696 1143-245 1144+402 1144-379 \ 1145-071 1147+245 1148-001 1148-671 1150+812 1150+497 1155+251 \ 1156-094 1156+295 1213-172 1213+350 1215+303 1216+487 NGC4261 1219+285 \ 1219+044 1221+809 1222+037 M84 1226-028 1226+373 3C273B 3C274 \ 1236+077 1237-101 1236-684 1239+606 1239+376 1240+381 1243-072 1244-255 \ 1245-454 1252+119 1251-713 3C279 1254+571 1255-316 1257+145 1300+580 \ 1302-102 1307+121 1308+326 1308+328 1313-333 OP326 1318+225 \ 1324+224 1325-558 1330+476 1334-127 1338+381 1342+662 \ 1342+663 1347+539 1349-439 1351-018 1352-104 1354+195 1354-174 \ 1354-152 1357+769 1402-012 1402+044 OQ208 1406-076 1409+218 1412-368 \ 1413+135 1413+349 1416+067 1418+546 1417+385 1417+273 1420+326 1420-679 \ 1423+146 1424+366 1424+240 1424-418 1427+543 1428+422 NGC5675 1430-178 \ 1432+200 1433+304 1434+235 1435+638 1435-218 OQ172 1443-162 1444+175 \ 1445-161 1448+762 1451-375 1451-400 1459+480 1502+106 1502+036 \ 1504+377 1504-166 1508+572 1508-055 1510-089 1511-100 1511-476 1514+197 \ 1514-241 1519-273 1522+155 1532+016 1538+149 1547+507 1546+027 1548+056 \ 1551+130 1549-790 1555+001 1555-140 1557+032 1600+335 1604-333 1606+106 \ CTD93 1611+343 1614+051 1610-771 1616+063 1617+229 1619-680 1622-253 \ 1624+416 1622-297 NGC6251 1633+38 1636+473 1637+574 NRAO512 1639+230 \ 1642+690 3C345 1647-296 DA426 1656+348 1656+477 1655+077 1656+053 \ 1657-261 1657-562 1659-621 1705+456 1705+018 1705+135 1706-174 1717+178 \ 1726+455 1727+502 1725+044 NRAO530 1725-795 1732+389 1734+363 \ 1734+508 1738+499 1738+476 1739+522 1741-038 NGC6454 1743+173 1745+624 \ 1746+470 1749+701 1749+096 1751+441 1751+288 1754+159 1754+155 1758+388 \ 1803+784 1800+440 1758-651 3C371 1806+456 1806-458 1815-553 1817-254 \ 1821+107 1823+568 1830+139 1830+285 1831-711 3C390.3 1842+681 \ 1843+400 1849+670 1856+736 3C395 1901+155 1908-201 1920-211 \ 1922+155 1921-293 1923+210 1928+738 1926+087 1925-610 1928+154 1929+226 \ 1932+204 1933-400 1936-155 1937-101 1935-692 1943+228 1951+355 \ 1954+513 1955+335 1954-388 1958-179 2000+472 2000+148 2000-330 2007+777 \ 2005+642 2005+403 2005-489 OW-015 2008-159 2013+163 2017+743 \ 2021+317 2022+171 2023+336 2030+547 2029+121 3C418 2037-253 CL4 \ 2051+745 2052-474 2054-377 2059+034 2059-786 2106+143 2106-413 2113+293 \ 2109-811 2121+053 2126-158 2128-123 2131-021 2134+00 2136+141 \ 2143-156 2144+092 2145+067 2149+056 2149-306 2146-783 2150+173 \ 2155-152 2155-304 VR422201 2201+315 2201+171 2204-540 2209+236 2210-257 \ 2214+350 2216-038 2223+210 3C446 2227-088 2229+695 2227-399 CTA102 \ 2232-488 2234+282 2233-148 2235+731 2243-123 2244-372 2245-328 2250+194 \ 3C454.3 2252-089 2253+417 2254+074 2254+024 2255-282 2302+232 \ 2309+454 2312-319 2318+049 2319+272 2320+506 2320-035 2321-375 2325-150 \ 2326-477 2328+107 2329-162 2329-384 2331-240 2335-027 2344+09A \ 2344-514 2345-167 2351+456 2351-154 2353-686 2355-534 2355-106 \ 2356+385 \ * * Remaining 3 ICRF Defining sources, even though they have NRD > 1.269 * 0248+430 0821+394 1718-649 * * Sources removed from the global CRF list above to be treated as local * or removed * * 0107-610 1903-802 2142-758 2300-683 * APPENDIX B. ----------- Sources whose data was not used: SOURCES YES EXCEPT \ * * 6 sources with bad data * 0218+357 0218+35A 0218+35B 1830-211 1830-21A 1830-21B \ * * 35 sources with N.R.D. greater than 1.269 in solution crf2006c_01: * there were 38 originally but 0248+430, 0821+394 and 1718-649 * are ICRF defining sources and were removed from this list * 0022-423 0108+388 3C48 0153-410 0201+088 0237-233 0407-658 \ 0415+379 3C120 0610+260 0614-349 0710+439 4C55.17 0741+214 \ 0959-443 1031+567 1144+352 NGC3894 CEN-A 1323+321 3C286 1345+125 \ 3C309.1 1814-637 1826+796 1829-207 1947+079 1950-613 2021+614 \ 2128+048 2254-367 2300-307 2324-023 2337+264 2352+495 \ * * 94 sources with less than 3 observations (0, 1, or 2) in crf2006c_00 * UG00192 4C+00.02 OB338 0036-216 NGC0253 0201-440 M77 0252-712 \ 0250+178 NGC1167 UXARI 0335-122 0336-017 0340+044 0411+054 0420-625 \ 0428+205 0434+299 0515-674 0512+249 0537-692 NGC2110 0558-504 \ MRK003 NGC2146 0629+104 0647-475 0727-365 0731-465 0802-276 0806-710 \ 4C+32.26 0844+387 0902+343 0941-080 M82 NGC3079 1015-314 1017+109 \ 1020-103 1039-474 NGC3690 M106 1225-023 1239-044 1245-197 1305-241 \ NGC5077 1328+254 1329-665 1421-490 1422+268 1439+327 HD132742 1511+238 \ SIGCRB 1622+238 3C343 3C343.1 1640-231 NGC6240 1708+433 1709-342 \ 1710-269 1710-323 1713+218 1714-336 1729-373 1741-312 SGR-A 1742-283 \ 1756-663 1805-214 1813-241 1825-055 1827-360 1829-106 1848+333 1855+031 \ 1901+016 NAQL93 1920+154 1934+207 1955+343 2027+383 NGC6946 2044-168 \ 2101-715 2134-470 2209+184 2226-411 2310-417 2314+038 2322-411 \ * * 6 sources which have only 1 or 2 observations in the preliminary solution * 0622-441 0936-853 1740-517 1903-802 2259-375 2300-683 \ * * 3 radio stars * HD32918 LSI61303 HR1099 APPENDIX C. ----------- List of 110 stations for which troposphere gradients were not estimated: AIRA AUSTINTX AZORES BERMUDA BLKBUTTE \ BLOOMIND BREST CARNUSTY CARROLGA CHICHI10 \ CHLBOLTN CTVASBAY CTVASTJ DAITO DEADMANL \ DSS15 ELY FLAGSTAF FORTORDS FORT_ORD \ FTD_7900 GBT-VLBA GGAO7108 GIFU11 GIFU3 \ GOLDVENU GORF7102 GRASSE HALEAKAL HOFN \ HOHENFRG HOHNBERG JPL_MV1 KAINAN KANOZAN \ KARLBURG KASHIM11 KIRSBERG KODIAK KOGANEI \ KOGANEI3 KWAJAL26 LEONRDOK MAMMOTHL MARCUS \ MARPOINT MCD_7850 METSAHOV METSHOVI MIAMI20 \ MILESMON MIURA MIYAZAKI MIZNAO10 MIZUSGSI \ MOJ_7288 MON_PEAK MV2ONSLA NOBEY_6M NOME \ NRAO85_1 OCOTILLO OHIGGINS ONSALA85 OVR_7853 \ PARKES PBLOSSOM PENTICTN PINFLATS PLATTVIL \ PRESIDIO PT_REYES PVERDES QUINCY ROBLED32 \ SAGARA SANPAULA SEATTLE1 SESHAN25 SEST \ SHANGHAI SINTOTU SINTOTU3 SNDPOINT SOURDOGH \ SUWON SYOWA TATEYAMA TITIJIMA TOMAKO11 \ TOULOUSE TROMSONO TRYSILNO TIDBIN64 TIGOWTZL \ TSUKUBA TSUKU3 URUMQI USSURISK USUDA64 \ VERNAL VICTORIA VLA VLA-N8 WHTHORSE \ YAKATAGA YEBES YELLOWKN YLOW7296 YUMA APPENDIX D. ----------- List of 61 stations for which axis offsets were estimated as global parameters: AIRA ALGOPARK BR-VLBA CHICHI10 DSS15 \ DSS45 DSS65 FD-VLBA FORTLEZA GBT-VLBA \ GGAO7108 GIFU11 GILCREEK GOLDVENU HARTRAO \ HATCREEK HAYSTACK HN-VLBA HRAS_085 KASHIM11 \ KASHIM34 KASHIMA KAUAI KOGANEI KOKEE \ KP-VLBA LA-VLBA MARPOINT MATERA MIAMI20 \ MIURA MIZNAO10 MK-VLBA MOJAVE12 NL-VLBA \ NOTO NRAO_140 NRAO20 NRAO85_1 NRAO85_3 \ OHIGGINS OV-VLBA OVRO_130 PIETOWN RICHMOND \ SANTIA12 SC-VLBA SESHAN25 SINTOTU3 SVETLOE \ TATEYAMA TIGOCONC TIGOWTZL TOMAKO11 TSUKUB32 \ URUMQI VNDNBERG WESTFORD YEBES YLOW7296 \ YUMA APPENDIX E. ----------- List of 39 stations with constraints on velocity: AUSTINTX AZORES BERMUDA BLOOMIND BREST \ CARNUSTY CARROLGA CHLBOLTN CTVASBAY CTVASTJ \ DAITO GRASSE HOFN HOHENFRG HOHNBERG \ KAINAN KANOZAN KARLBURG KIRSBERG LEONRDOK \ MCD_7850 METSHOVI MILESMON NOBEY_6M OCOTILLO \ SAGARA SEST SUWON TIDBIN64 TITIJIMA \ TOMAKO11 TOULOUSE USSURISK VERAIRIK VERAISGK \ VERAOGSW USUDA64 VICTORIA ZELENCHK APPENDIX F. ----------- Velocities of these sets of stations were constrained to be the same: DSS15 GOLDMARS \ DSS45 TIDBIN64 \ DSS65 DSS65A ROBLED32 MADRID64 \ FORTORDS FORT_ORD FTD_7900 \ GIFU11 GIFU3 \ GGAO7108 GORF7102 \ KASHIM34 KASHIM11 \ KAUAI HALEAKAL \ KOGANEI KOGANEI3 \ METSAHOV METSHOVI \ MIZNAO10 MIZUSGSI VERAMZSW \ MOJAVE12 MOJ_7288 \ NRAO20 GBT-VLBA \ NRAO_140 NRAO85_1 \ ONSALA60 MV2ONSLA ONSALA85 \ OVRO_130 OVR_7853 \ RICHMOND MIAMI20 \ SESHAN25 SHANGHAI \ SINTOTU SINTOTU3 \ TSUKUB32 TSUKU3 TSUKUBA \ PIETOWN VLA VLA-N8 \ WETTZELL TIGOWTZL \ YLOW7296 YELLOWKN APPENDIX G. ----------- Expansion of short-period variations in polar motion and UT1. UT1 tidal terms (microseconds) l l' F D Om GST | Cos | Sin | +pi | | | ----------------------------------------- 2 0 2 0 2 -1 -.13 -1.24 0 0 2 2 2 -1 .19 -.82 1 0 2 0 1 -1 -.50 -.92 1 0 2 0 2 -1 -2.64 -4.90 -1 0 2 2 2 -1 -1.10 -.77 0 0 2 0 1 -1 -2.51 -3.34 0 0 2 0 2 -1 -13.31 -17.72 -1 0 2 0 2 -1 .34 .63 1 0 0 0 0 -1 .48 .77 0 1 2 -2 2 -1 -.21 -.43 0 0 2 -2 2 -1 -3.20 -5.32 0 1 0 0 0 -1 .50 1.89 0 0 0 0 -1 -1 -.19 -.33 0 0 0 0 0 -1 9.83 16.45 0 0 0 0 1 -1 1.33 2.23 0 -1 0 0 0 -1 -.17 .41 0 0 -2 2 -2 -1 .08 -.04 -1 0 0 0 0 -1 .13 1.25 0 0 -2 0 -2 -1 .68 .33 0 0 -2 0 -1 -1 .44 .21 -1 0 -2 0 -2 -1 .18 .75 -1 0 -2 0 -1 -1 .12 .48 2 0 2 0 2 -2 -.30 .61 0 0 2 2 2 -2 -.83 .47 1 0 2 0 2 -2 -1.94 3.13 -1 0 2 2 2 -2 -.19 .67 0 0 2 0 1 -2 .37 -.57 0 0 2 0 2 -2 -9.88 15.37 -1 0 2 0 2 -2 .12 -.34 0 1 2 -2 2 -2 -.06 .17 0 0 2 -2 2 -2 -1.25 7.73 0 1 0 0 0 -2 .24 .27 0 0 0 0 0 -2 .28 2.48 0 0 0 0 1 -2 .08 .74 0 0 3 0 3 -3 .24 .03 0 0 0 4 1 -1 .26 .10 1 0 4 -2 2 -1 .43 -.52 0 0 0 1 0 -1 -.29 -.23 3 -1 2 0 2 -2 .14 .00 1 1 2 0 1 -2 -.26 -.40 0 0 0 -2 2 -2 .23 .09 ----------------------------------------- Polar motion tidal terms (microarcseconds) l l' F D Om GST | Cos | Sin | +pi | | | ----------------------------------------- -2 0 -2 0 -2 1 -6.90 5.52 0 0 -2 -2 -2 1 -8.63 3.00 -1 0 -2 0 -1 1 -5.58 1.48 -1 0 -2 0 -2 1 -29.56 7.83 1 0 -2 -2 -2 1 -7.86 3.64 0 0 -2 0 -1 1 -25.03 8.53 0 0 -2 0 -2 1 -132.70 45.21 1 0 -2 0 -2 1 2.59 .60 -1 0 0 0 0 1 3.26 -8.76 0 -1 -2 2 -2 1 1.25 9.68 0 0 -2 2 -2 1 -49.40 19.23 0 -1 0 0 0 1 25.06 6.71 0 0 0 0 1 1 -3.09 1.76 0 0 0 0 0 1 156.21 -88.75 0 0 0 0 -1 1 21.18 -12.04 0 1 0 0 0 1 4.99 .50 0 0 2 -2 2 1 3.25 2.62 1 0 0 0 0 1 .51 -4.99 0 0 2 0 2 1 5.93 -10.38 0 0 2 0 1 1 3.80 -6.65 1 0 2 0 2 1 .46 .59 1 0 2 0 1 1 .30 .37 -2 0 -2 0 -2 2 4.13 -.28 0 0 -2 -2 -2 2 -1.37 .40 -1 0 -2 0 -2 2 10.48 -12.69 1 0 -2 -2 -2 2 4.33 1.81 0 0 -2 0 -1 2 -1.06 2.12 0 0 -2 0 -2 2 28.34 -56.83 1 0 -2 0 -2 2 1.92 .54 0 -1 -2 2 -2 2 5.42 -4.28 0 0 -2 2 -2 2 -.48 -20.16 0 -1 0 0 0 2 2.61 1.85 0 0 0 0 0 2 -.83 -18.26 0 0 0 0 -1 2 -.25 -5.44 0 0 -3 0 -3 3 1.92 -1.16 0 0 0 -4 -1 1 5.23 -1.47 -1 0 -4 2 -2 1 -1.28 -3.62 0 0 0 -1 0 1 2.33 -2.61 -3 1 -2 0 -2 2 -.88 -1.13 -1 -1 -2 0 -1 2 .24 .00 0 0 0 2 -2 2 .05 -1.31 2 0 2 0 2 -2 2.33 7.19 0 0 2 2 2 -2 2.87 7.66 1 0 2 0 2 -2 .59 43.62 -1 0 2 2 2 -2 -3.07 8.30 0 0 2 0 1 -2 .50 -9.59 0 0 2 0 2 -2 -13.37 257.07 -1 0 2 0 2 -2 1.83 -7.67 0 1 2 -2 2 -2 -7.08 .33 0 0 2 -2 2 -2 -72.53 106.95 0 1 0 0 0 -2 .34 -4.29 0 0 0 0 0 -2 -18.74 12.64 0 0 0 0 1 -2 -5.59 3.77 0 0 3 0 3 -3 -.56 -1.57 3 -1 2 0 2 -2 -.98 4.60 1 1 2 0 1 -2 -.62 4.28 0 0 0 -2 2 -2 -.83 2.72 -----------------------------------------